External-pressure ultrafiltration membranes have a filtration direction from the outside to the inside. This structure allows suspended solids, colloids, and other impurities...
With the increasing global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the integration of seawater desalination using reverse osmosis membrane technology with...
The application of reverse osmosis membrane technology in agricultural irrigation faces high equipment costs and operation and maintenance expenses. Equipment costs mainly...
Reverse Osmosis Process: A combination of single-stage and two-stage reverse osmosis is used. The single-stage reverse osmosis is designed with a water production...